We have set your language to Sarah "Sally" Hemings (c. 1773 1835) was an enslaved woman with one-quarter African ancestry owned by president of the United States Thomas Jefferson, one of many he inherited from his father-in-law, John Wayles. [2] Whether this should be described as rape remains a matter of controversy. Over the next 32 years Hemings raised four childrenBeverly, Harriet, Madison, and Estonand prepared them for their eventual emancipation. Drawn from the words of her son Madison Hemings, Such is the story that comes down to me.. Its goals include telling the stories of all the families at Monticello, both enslaved and free. She also indicated that the claim of a JeffersonHemings separation during one conception period cannot be sustained, and that Wallenborn did not correctly understand that material. The census enumerator, usually a local person, classified individuals in part according to who their neighbors were and what was known of them. Please try again later. Therefore, she was half-sister to Jefferson's wife and approximately three quarters white. [79] He was in demand across southern Ohio. [7] However, the Thomas Jefferson Heritage Society commissioned a panel of Scholars of History in 2001 that unanimously agreed that it has not been proven that Thomas Jefferson fathered Sally Hemings' children. It is being restored and refurbished. At least two of her sisters bore children fathered by white men. [7] Jefferson himself is never recorded to have publicly denied this allegation. 1773 Sally Hemings is born. Jefferson's associate, a Mr. Petit, arranged transportation and escorted the girls to Paris. [37], According to Madison Hemings, Sally's first child died soon after her return from Paris. Sex between a slave master and a woman who was a slave has always been seen differently than sex between a slave mistress and a man who was a slave, both by whites and blacks. Of this inevitable rift, he wrote: Deep rooted prejudices entertained by the whites; ten thousand recollections, by the blacks, of the injuries they have sustained will divide us into parties, and produce convulsions, which will probably never end but in the extermination of one or the other race.. Slavery had been abolished in that country after the Revolution in 1789; Jefferson paid wages to her and James while they were in Paris. His brother Eston also moved to Ohio. [85], Some of Madison Hemings' children and grandchildren who remained in Ohio suffered from the limited opportunities for blacks at that time, working as laborers, servants, or small farmers. In it, he states, but does not name, another man as the father of Sally Hemings's daughter Harriet. Betty's parents were another enslaved woman, a "full-blooded African", and a white English sea captain, whose surname was Hemings. [80][non-primary source needed], Madison's family were the only Monticello Hemings descendants who continued to identify with the black community. Wallenborn added another new observation, of what he called "some striking coincidences", that Sally Hemings' known pregnancies stopped, despite Thomas Jefferson's presence, after both his brother Randolph and Randolph's son Thomas married women outside Monticello, c. 1808 or 1809. Please enter your email and password to sign in. Children, no matter their racial background, inherited slavery from their mothers. Sally Hemingss descendants and historians have a range of opinions about the dynamic between Jefferson and Hemings, given the implications of ownership, age, consent, and dramatically unequal power between masters and enslaved women. To view a photo in more detail or edit captions for photos you added, click the photo to open the photo viewer. The city itself was home to over half a million people (close to the entire population of Virginia at the time), 1,000 of whom were free black residents. Sally Heming's son, Madison Hemings, on Hemings and Jefferson, Annette Gordon-Reed on Jefferson and Hemings, Return to the United States and children's freedom. Civil War Veteran: A private of Company E 1st Wisconsin Infantry, which was a 3 month. In July 2017, historians found the room in Monticello where Sally Hemings lived. 1774 She came to Monticello as a toddler with the rest of her enslaved family after the death of her father. Your Scrapbook is currently empty. that an interracial sexual affair was "distinctly out of character, being virtually Unlike countless enslaved women, Sally Hemings was able to negotiate with her owner. Annette Gordon-Reed shares the story of Mary Hemings Bell, Sally Hemings's older sister who lived as the "wife" of the man who owned her. His first child, Martha Wayles (named after her mother, John Wayles' first wife), married the young planter and future president Thomas Jefferson. Madison Hemings, Madison Hemings recollections, Pike County Republican, 13 Mar. Edit a memorial you manage or suggest changes to the memorial manager. Sally Hemings gets recognition. [5] Toward the end of their stay, James used his money to pay for a French tutor and to learn the language, and Sally was also learning French. This information was published and became the common wisdom, with major historians of Jefferson denying Jefferson's paternity of Hemings's children for the next 150 years. We dont know how Sally Hemings would have identified herself. [77] In his memoir, Madison wrote that both Beverley and Harriet married well in the white community in the Washington, DC, area. Other family members name one of Jeffersons Carr nephews as the father. There has been no further DNA testing done linking Jefferson with Hemings' other children. He and other family members are buried at Forest Hill Cemetery. [90], Eston's second son, Beverley Jefferson, also served in the regular Union Army. That a black woman in slavery would seek out a relationship with a slave master, or if not seek it out, not run away from it, is not a particularly attractive idea. In comparison, he paid James Hemings $4 a month as chef-in-training, and his Parisian scullion $2.50 a month; the other French servants earned from $8 to $12 a month. In his only book, Notes on the State of Virginia (1785), Jefferson expressed racist views of blacks abilities, though he questioned whether the differences he observed were due to inherent inferiority or to decades of degrading enslavement. Hemings's mother Elizabeth (Betty) was biracial, the child of Betty Hemings,[1] an African woman and Captain John Hemings. [40], Jefferson formally freed only two enslaved people while he was living: Sally's older brothers Robert, who had to buy his freedom, and James, who was required to train his brother Peter for three years to get his freedom. "[29], Sally Hemings remained in France for 26 months. 1830 Sally Hemings and her sons Madison and Eston are listed as free white people in the 1830 census. But in his recollections, Madison Hemings stated that Jefferson promised Sally Hemings extraordinary privileges for returning to Monticello from Paris. On the return shuttle, youll pass the. If you notice a problem with the translation, please send a message to [emailprotected] and include a link to the page and details about the problem. or don't show this againI am good at figuring things out. An immersive multimedia exhibit based on the recollections of Sally Hemingss son Madison. [27] [28] The oral histories of Getting Word become an important part of the Monticello slavery tours, also launched in 1993 and taken by nearly 100,000 people each year. From 1790 to 1793, Sally Hemings is believed to have lived in this building, which later was likely converted to a Textile Workshop where her daughter, Harriet, learned to spin and weave fabric. In theory, since the family has now acknowledged that Sally Hemings bore several of Thomas Jefferson's children. Therefore, we should not allow them to control any serious consideration of an individual case. Your account has been locked for 30 minutes due to too many failed sign in attempts. He also noted that she was pregnant when she arrived in Virginia, and that the child lived but a short time. No other record of that child has been found. At some time during her 26 months in Paris, Jefferson and she began having intimate relations. Schwabach, Aaron. He knew that Harriet had children and was living in Maryland. Oldham Appleby, Joyce; Schlesinger, Arthur. [8] Three of the Hemings children were given names from the Randolph (surname) family, relatives of Thomas Jefferson through his mother. The Monticello exhibition on Hemings acknowledged this uncertainty, while noting the power imbalance inherent in the relationship between a wealthy white male envoy and a 14-year-old quarter-black enslaved female. [31][32], According to her son Madison's memoir, Hemings became pregnant by Jefferson in Paris. Jefferson's daughter Martha (Patsy) Randolph informally freed the elderly Hemings after Jefferson's death, by giving her "her time", as was a custom. The Foundation asserted that Jefferson fathered Eston and likely her other five children as well. [4], The historical question of whether Jefferson was the father of Hemings' children is the subject of the JeffersonHemings controversy. [59], Lucia Cinder Stanton, writing for the majority of the committee, responded a month later with a rebuttal. I write about politics, history, education, and race. For decades, the Monticello estate and former plantation in Charlottesville, Virginia, formerly owned by Thomas Jefferson,. Family members linked to this person will appear here. None of the Hemings are buried in the Monticello cemetery. [50] However, several members of his family did. There is 1 volunteer for this cemetery. She leaves her motherand she can never come back.. Mr. Jefferson was Minister to France, and he wanted to put her in school there. You need a Find a Grave account to continue. The Behind-the-Scenes tour provides a fuller picture of life at Monticello, and a better understanding of the complex world surrounding the man who authored the Declaration of Independence. The exact date and month is not known. Paris in the 1780s was at the apex of its grandeur, a global center of politics, culture and the arts. It did show a match between the Jefferson male line and the Eston Hemings descendant. To induce her to do so he promised her extraordinary privileges, and made a solemn pledge that her children should be freed at the age of twenty-one years. They tended to marry within the mixed-race community in the region, who eventually became established as people of education and property. For decades, the Monticello estate and former plantation in Charlottesville, Virginia, formerly owned by Thomas Jefferson, has committed itself to . Under French law, Sally and James could have petitioned for their freedom,[33] but if she returned to Virginia with Jefferson, it would be as an enslaved person. She undoubtedly received trainingespecially in needlework and the care of clothingto suit her for her position as lady's maid to Jefferson's daughters and was occasionally paid a monthly wage of twelve livres (the equivalent of two dollars). Scroll down to learn more about this intriguing American. Last year about 250 people with ancestral ties to Monticello including descendants of Jefferson and Sally Hemings, a slave met at the homestead for a reunion of sorts, but they were not allowed . 1799 An unnamed daughter was born and died. [69], The next month, May 2000, the Thomas Jefferson Heritage Society (TJHS) emerged: "a group of concerned businessmen, historians, genealogists, scientists, and patriots formed as a response to efforts by many historical revisionists to portray Thomas Jefferson as a hypocrite, a liar, and a fraud." Archaeologists discovered that the room, adjacent to Jefferson's own bedroom, was where Sally Hemings, a slave woman who historians believed Jefferson had a . And their numbers grew substantially after a DNA test in 1998 bolstered the case for Jefferson's. She died two years later in 1797. She has also appeared as a supporting character or a subject of discussion in many other shows and stage productions. [8], In 2018, the Thomas Jefferson Foundation of Monticello announced its plans to have an exhibit titled Life of Sally Hemings, and affirmed that it was treating as a settled issue that Jefferson was the father of her known children. Thomas Eston Hemings enlisted in the United States Colored Troops (USCT); captured, he spent time at the Andersonville POW camp and died in a POW camp in Meridian, Mississippi. [60], Since 1998 and the DNA study,[54] several historians have concluded that Jefferson maintained a long sexual relationship with Hemings and fathered six children with her, four of whom survived to adulthood. 9 Sally Hemings' Living Quarters At Monticello Thomas Jefferson's historic Virginia mansion, Monticello, contained a small damp room that no one knew what was used for, until now. [62][63] The Thomas Jefferson Foundation (TJF) published in 2000 an independent historic review in combination with the DNA data,[5][60] as did the National Genealogical Society in 2001; scholars involved mostly concluded Jefferson was probably the father of all Hemings' children. Over time, some of their descendants passed into the white community, while many others continued within the black community. She was three-quarters-European and one-quarter African. I have often heard her tell about it., It was her duty, all her life which I can remember, up to the time of fathers death, to take care of his chamber and wardrobe, look after us children and do such light work as sewing.. Descendant Diana Redman shares her views on Sally Hemings. We should not get too far into the twenty-first century without looking back at the Hemingses and their time to remember and learn., On the death of John Wales, my grandmother, his concubine, and her children by him fell to Martha, Thomas Jeffersons wife, and consequently became the property of Thomas Jefferson, . Instead, she was unofficially freedor given her timeby Jeffersons daughter Martha after his death. He notes thirdly that Col. Thomas Jefferson Randolph, who was frequently in his grandfather Thomas Jefferson's household, worked as his farm manager, and was later his estate executor, was reported to have denied any relations of Jefferson with any of the Hemings women, but claimed that resident nephew Peter Carr was involved with Sally while her niece Betsey was openly the mistress of his brother Samuel Carr (however, this account is third-hand). Like countless enslaved women, Sally Hemings bore children fathered by her owner. You are only allowed to leave one flower per day for any given memorial. She suggested that Madison Hemings probably knew who his father was, and there was no evidence that ghostwriter Wetmore injected fiction even if he polished the wording for print. Mary Magdalene. 1835 Madison Hemings reported that his mother lived in Charlottesville with him and his brother Eston until her death in 1835. [10] For some time, Madison wrote to Beverley and Harriet and learned of their marriages. Use Escape keyboard button or the Close button to close the carousel. [14] Several sources assert that, Wayles took Betty Hemings as his concubine, and had six children by her during the last 12 years of his life, the youngest of these being Sally Hemings. After the completion of the South Wing, Hemings lived in one of the servants rooms there. He survived to adulthood, becoming a carpenter and joiner. [10] Upon Eppes' passing, Parthena and Betty were inherited by his daughter, Martha Eppes, who took them with her as personal slaves upon her marriage to Wayles. [68] All but one of 13 TJHS scholars expressed considerable skepticism about the conclusions. Many of Sally Hemings' descendants lived in Ohio and were buried there. When it comes to the specific dynamic between Jefferson and Hemings, descendants and historians have a range of opinions. This browser does not support getting your location. While supporting TJF's continued education mission at Monticello, Wallenborn warned that "historical accuracy should never be overwhelmed by political correctness". 2001 The Thomas Jefferson Heritage Society publishes The Jefferson-Hemings Controversy: Report on the Scholars Commission, challenging the conclusions of the Thomas Jefferson Foundation and citing Jeffersons younger brother, Randolph, as most likely to have been the father of Sally Hemingss children. Whatever the weekday arrangements, Jefferson and his retinue spent weekends together at his villa. Randolph did not specifically point out the exact room, but the description related through Randall suggests that Sally Hemings and her children occupied one of two rooms in the South Wing. At least two of her sisters bore children fathered by white men. (Harriet was the only enslaved woman Jefferson allowed to go free.) Like many other 18th-century intellectuals in Europe and North America, Jefferson believed blacks were inferior to whites. This flower has been reported and will not be visible while under review. The enslaved child, Sally Hemings, was chosen to accompany Polly to France after an older enslaved woman became pregnant and could not make the journey. [88], Eston's sons also enlisted in the Union Army, both as white men from Madison, Wisconsin. Such relationships ranged from acknowledged affairs that lasted for a lifetime, produced many children, and were familial in every sense but a legally recognized one to brutal acts of rape and sexual assault where slaveowners showed the inhumanity for which slavery was notorious among its opponents.. Her mother was an enslaved woman named Elizabeth (Betty) Hemings (1735-1807) and her father was likely John Wayles, Thomas Jefferson's father-in-law. He desired to bring my mother back to Virginia with him but she demurred. What do they share? Look Closer: Learn more through our additional resources. John Wayles was the son of Edward and Ellen (ne Ashburner) Wayles, both from Lancaster, England. Like her mother, Hemings would go on to bear at least six children to her master. Thanks for using Find a Grave, if you have any feedback we would love to hear from you. Madison Hemings was born in 1805 to Sally Hemings and has long been alleged to be a son of Thomas Jefferson. Their names were Beverly, Harriet, Madison (myself), and Eston - three sons and one daughter.. Nine generations separate me from my ancestors: Sally Hemings, a slave, and Thomas Jefferson, her owner. The name of this person was left out by Rev. I think it would be easy for Jefferson to rationalize this relationship because males were supposed to dominate women.. [59] In Wallenborn's view, it was thus quite possible that Sally Hemings bore children to multiple men in the Jefferson/Randolph/Carr clan, and that none of them were necessarily Thomas Jefferson, just genetically close, a "Jefferson DNA Haplotype carrier" in at least one case. You have chosen this person to be their own family member. 1790 Sally Hemingss first child is born. Sally Hemings should be known today, not just as Jeffersons concubine, but as an enslaved woman who at the age of 16 negotiated with one of the most powerful men in the nation to improve her own condition and achieve freedom for her children. Share this memorial using social media sites or email. Learn about how to make the most of a memorial. Within ten weeks, Hemings was transported from the plantations of Virginia to what Jefferson described as the vaunted scene of Europe!. Look Closer: Read more about the evidence in Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings: A Brief Account, He talks about Jefferson keeping a woman as a substitute for a wife and he described this as something as being prevalent and not uncommon in the south.. The new group's opening press release specifically accused the Thomas Jefferson Memorial Foundation (TJMF, now Thomas Jefferson Foundation, TJF) and its report of "shallow and shoddy scholarship to achieve an apparently desired conclusion."[70]. Add to your scrapbook. GREAT NEWS! Her mother was an enslaved woman named Elizabeth (Betty) Hemings (1735-1807) and her father was likely John Wayles, Thomas Jefferson's father-in-law. ESTON HEMINGS WAS BORN AN enslaved person on May 21, 1808. Eston Hemings Jefferson was the son of President Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings. Use the links under See more to quickly search for other people with the same last name in the same cemetery, city, county, etc. Please enter your email address and we will send you an email with a reset password code. The book sells well despite negative reactions from prominent historians. Sally Hemings has been the main subject of a novel, a television mini-series, a stage play, two operas, and an operatic oratorio. Nor is it to be wondered at when Mr. Jeffersons notorious example is considered., the mulattoes one sees in every family exactly resemble the white childrenand every lady tells you who is the father of all the mulatto children in everybodys household, but those in her own she seems to think drop from the clouds. Few other details of her childhood are known. [38], Sally Hemings' documented duties at Monticello included being a nursemaid-companion, lady's maid, chambermaid, and seamstress. Decades after their negotiation, Jefferson freed all of Sally Hemingss children Beverly and Harriet left Monticello in the early 1820s; Madison and Eston were freed in his will and left Monticello in 1826. They also speculate that Hemings might have had consensual or non consensual sexual relations with multiple men. He died in 1856. Sally Hemings went to France with Maria Jefferson when she was a little girl. Dumas Malone, the greatest in a long line of Please contact Find a Grave at [emailprotected] if you need help resetting your password. Sally and her mother became Thomas Jefferson's property as part of his inheritance from. In an article that appeared in Science,[61] eight weeks after the DNA study, Eugene Foster, the lead co-author of the DNA study, is reported to have "made it clear that Thomas was only one of eight or more Jeffersons who may have fathered Eston Hemings". [18] As the mixed-race Wayles-Hemings children grew up at Monticello, they were trained and given assignments as skilled artisans and domestic servants, at the top of the enslaved hierarchy. A vocal minority of critics,[65][66] such as the Thomas Jefferson Heritage Society (TJHS, founded shortly after the DNA study),[67] dispute Jefferson's paternity of Hemings' children. which was the first scholarly work to credit the Jefferson-Hemings liaison, Garry Wills accepted the possibility of He also believed that white Americans and enslaved blacks constituted two separate nations who could not live together peacefully in the same country. Wallenborn (a former TJMF/TJF employee before his committee participate,[71] and now a director of TJHS[72]) produced in June a heated follow-up reply to Stanton's rebuttal. Mixed-race children were present at Monticello, in the surrounding county, across Virginia, and throughout the United States. In 1787, when she was 14, Sally Hemings accompanied Jefferson and his daughter to Paris. She has a Girl about 15 or 16 with her."[25]. White society simply expected such men to be discreet about these relationships. Finally, some materials claimed that Martha (Jefferson) Randolph and her sons demonstrated that Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings had been separated for some fifteen months before the birth of the son "who most resembled" Jefferson (presumed by Wallenborn to be Eston Hemings). These guided outdoor tours focus on the experiences of the enslaved people who lived and labored on the Monticello plantation. Failed to remove flower. His entire estate, including most enslaved people, was sold by his daughter Martha to repay his debts. [78] Around 60 years later, a Chillicothe newswriter reminisced in 1902 about his acquaintance with Eston (then a well-known local musician), whom he described as "a remarkably fine looking colored man" with a "striking resemblance to Jefferson" recognized by others, who had already heard a rumors of his paternity and were credulous of it. [75] Eventually, three of Sally Hemings' four surviving children (Beverley, Harriet, and Eston, but not Madison) chose to identify as white adults in the North; they were seven-eighths European in ancestry, and this was consistent with their appearance. The reality is, we just dont know. The slave believed to be Jefferson's "concubine" (as Callender described her) was 16-year-old Sally Hemings. You are nearing the transfer limit for memorials managed by Find a Grave. ~~~~~Memoir of her grandson, Madison Hemings~~~~~ I never knew of but one white man who bore the name of Hemings; he was an Englishman and my great grandfather. My mother accompanied her [Jefferson's daughter, Maria] as her body servant. It "would have been dark, damp and uncomfortable . [86], Madison's daughter, Ellen Wayles Hemings, married Alexander Jackson Roberts, a graduate of Oberlin College. Much of Hemings's life was shrouded in mystery for over 200 years. Madison resettled in southern Ohio in the late 1830s, where he worked at his trade and owned a farm. They claimed it did, but they did not react against it with the same vehemence that they did to relationships between slave males and white women, which were seen as threatening the social order and could never be tolerated. Birth. Enslaved woman and Ladies Maid who bore children of President Thomas Jefferson. Sally and her mother became Thomas Jefferson's property as part of his inheritance from. Hemings' grave is located at Monticello, on the grounds of Jefferson's plantation. Four survived to adulthood. The second is an unequivocal counter-claim made by Jefferson's foreman Edmund Bacon and published by H. W. Pierson (with the name of the alleged actual father redacted). [8] The TJHS report suggested that Jefferson's younger brother Randolph Jefferson could have been the father the DNA test cannot distinguish between Jefferson males. "[2] Hemings remained enslaved in Jefferson's house until his death in 1826. According to Madison Hemings, It lived but a short time.. He survived to adulthood, becoming a carpenter and fiddler. Resend Activation Email. [10][34] Hemings' strong ties to her mother, siblings, and extended family likely drew her back to Monticello. We felt we had to present a range of views, including the most painful one. [3] The exact nature of their relationship remains unclear. Quickly see who the memorial is for and when they lived and died and where they are buried. After an exhaustive 18-month search, Mr. Herbert Barger located the grave of William Hemings, the son of Madison Hemings and the grandson of Sally Hemings, in the Leavenworth National. "[71] TJF did not publish any further back-and-forth disputation. 1853 John Hartwell Cocke, a close friend of Jeffersons, writes in his journal about the prevalence of interracial sex: Were [such cases] enumerated they would be found by the hundreds. [10] At the age of 14, each of the children began their training: the brothers with the plantation's skilled master of carpentry, and Harriet as a spinner and weaver. Sally Hemings was the child of an enslaved woman and her owner, as were five of her siblings. Her known children born at Monticello were Harriet, Beverly, another Harriet, a baby girl that died as an infant, Madison, and Eston. Additionally, while the Jefferson descendants claimed Hemings' children were not related, her own children's accounts contradicted this. Hamilton W. Pierson in his 1862 book because he did not wish to cause pain to anyone living at that time. Sally Hemings. [10], In 1822, at the age of 24, Beverley "ran away" from Monticello and was not pursued. Harriet Hemings spun yarn and wove cloth, an occupation that was not solely associated with slavery. For it is there that we can find the absolute best, and the absolute worst, that we have been as Americans. Please check your email and click on the link to activate your account. during an intimate relationship that lasted nearly forty years. By the 1850s, John Jefferson in his twenties was the proprietor of the American Hotel in Madison. Continuing with this request will add an alert to the cemetery page and any new volunteers will have the opportunity to fulfill your request. Until very recently, American historians were no more receptive to arguments about a sexual relationship Madison Hemings's memoir (edited and put into written form by journalist S. F. Wetmore in the Pike County Republican in 1873)[59] and other documentation, including a wide variety of historical records, and newspaper accounts, has revealed some details of the lives of the Beverley and Harriet, and younger sons Madison and Eston Hemings (later Eston Jefferson), and of their descendants. Like some others in the family, he disappeared from the record, and the rest of his biography remains unknown. Now Monticello is making room for Sally Hemings", "Jefferson's Blood Interview: Annette Gordon-Reed", "Appendix H: Sally Hemings and Her Children", "Thomas Jefferson's Last Will & Testament", "Fighting for Space at the Jefferson Family Table", "Rift runs through Jefferson family reunion", "Akin, the Philosophic Cock - A View at the Bicentennial", "Minority Report, Monticello Research Committee on Thomas Jefferson and Sally Heming", "Background DNA Study: The Jefferson-Hemings DNA Study as told by Herbert Barger, Jefferson Family Historian", "Thomas Jefferson's Y Chromosome Belongs to a Rare European Lineage", "Life at Jefferson's Monticello, as His Slaves Saw It", "Monticello Is Done Avoiding Jefferson's Relationship with Sally Hemings", "Response to the Minority Report, Monticello Research Committee on Thomas Jefferson and Sally Heming", "Formation of the Thomas Jefferson Heritage Society", "Reply to the Response to the Minority Report, Monticello Research Committee on Thomas Jefferson and Sally Heming", Slavery at Jefferson's Monticello: The Paradox of Liberty, "Jefferson's Blood 'A Sprig of Jefferson Was Eston Hemings', "Jefferson's Black Descendants in Wisconsin", "Mary Elizabeth Hemings Butler Lee Brady", "Thomas Jefferson's unknown grandchildren", "Thomas Jefferson's Unknown Grandchildren: A Study in Historical Silences", "DNA Test Finds Evidence Of Jefferson Child by Slave", "Jefferson Descendants Reconcile Family History", Franois Furstenberg, "Jefferson's Other Family: His concubine was also his wife's half-sister", "Anatomy of a Scandal: Thomas Jefferson and the Sally Story", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sally_Hemings&oldid=1142650445, Harriet Hemings [I] (October 5, 1795 December 1797), Beverley Hemings, possibly William Beverley Hemings (April 1, 1798 after 1873), Daughter, possibly named Thenia Hemings after Sally's sister (born in 1799 and died in infancy).